We flag ingredients with a comedogenicity rating of 3 to 5 on the Fulton scale and the Cosmetic Ingredient Review's published lists, including:

Plant oils

Coconut oil, cocoa butter, wheat germ oil, soybean oil, flaxseed oil

Fatty acid esters

Isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, decyl oleate, octyl palmitate, butyl stearate

Lanolin derivatives

Acetylated lanolin, ethoxylated lanolin

Free fatty acids

Lauric, myristic, stearic, oleic acid

Algae extracts

Algae extracts and red algae

Certain dyes

D&C Red 27, D&C Red 30

Important caveat

Comedogenicity is graded on rabbit-ear or hairless-mouse models, not on human skin. An ingredient's rating doesn't always predict your reaction — formulation matters (concentration, what it's combined with, finished-product pH). Use this as a screening filter, not a verdict.

Why is coconut oil rated so high?

Coconut oil is approximately 50% lauric acid, which has a comedogenicity rating of 4. This makes whole coconut oil one of the most pore-clogging plant oils when applied to acne-prone facial skin.

Is fractionated coconut oil okay?

Caprylic/capric triglyceride (fractionated coconut oil) has the lauric and myristic acid removed, so it's lighter and rated low (1–2). It's not flagged here.

Should I avoid every flagged ingredient?

Not necessarily. Many people tolerate "comedogenic" ingredients fine — final-product behaviour depends on concentration and formulation. Use this as a starting point, especially if you've had breakouts you can't explain.